Free SEND Questions for MRCPUK Endocrinology and Diabetes (Specialty Certificate Examination) SEND Exam as PDF & Practice Test Engine

A 52-year-old man had been found to have type 1 diabetes mellitus at the age of 25. He had developed retinopathy at the age of 31 and a painless foot ulcer at the age of 40. His renal function had subsequently deteriorated.
On examination, urinalysis showed protein 1+, glucose 2+.
What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 43-year-old woman was admitted with right lower lobe pneumonia and was found to have atrial fibrillation. She had a history of bipolar disorder for which she was taking lithium. Her menstrual periods were normal.
Investigations on admission:
serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)0.98 mU/L (0.4-5.0)
serum free T428.1 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
serum free T314.2 pmol/L (3.0-7.0)
Assay interference had been excluded.
Subsequent investigations:
serum sex hormone binding globulin64 nmol/L (40-137)
serum thyroid-hormone receptor ?-subunit0.8 IU/L (<1.0)
anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodiesnegative
What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 58-year-old man presented with tiredness and breathlessness. He had been treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension for the past 10 years. He was free of complications. His current medication included ramipril 10 mg daily, rosuvastatin 10 mg daily, metformin 500 mg three times daily, dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily and exenatide 10 micrograms twice daily.
On examination, his body mass index was 36 kg/m2 (18-25).
Investigations:
haemoglobin93 g/L (130-180)
MCV110 fL (80-96)
white cell count3.6 ? 109/L (4.0-11.0)
platelet count140 ? 109/L (150-400)
reticulocyte count0.5% (0.5-2.4)
serum ferritin250 ug/L (15-300)
serum vitamin B1240 ng/L (160-760)
serum folate3.0 ug/L (2.0-11.0)
Which medication is most likely to be contributing to his anaemia?

An 18-year-old woman was found to have a blood pressure of 164/102 mmHg at a preemployment medical examination. She gave no family history of hypertension. On enquiry, she said that she had not yet started to menstruate.
On initial clinical examination, she appeared well. She was 1.72 m tall (>90th centile) and had a body mass index of 22 kg/m2 (18-25). There was no evidence of axillary hair, and pubic hair was scanty (Tanner stage 1). Breast development was immature (Tanner stage 1).
Investigations:
serum sodium142 mmol/L (137-144)
serum potassium2.7 mmol/L (3.5-4.9)
serum urea4.6 mmol/L (2.5-7.0)
serum creatinine102 umol/L (60-110)
estimated glomerular filtration rate (MDRD)>60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (>60)
plasma renin activity (after 30 min supine)1.0 pmol/mL/h (1.1-2.7)
plasma aldosterone (after 30 min supine)125 pmol/L (135-400)
serum cortisol (09.00 h)190 nmol/L (200-700)
What is the most likely underlying diagnosis?

A 30-year-old man was reviewed in the diabetes clinic. He had type 1 diabetes mellitus of 6 months' duration, treated with subcutaneous insulin in a basal bolus regimen (short-acting insulin three times daily; long-acting insulin once daily).
Investigations:
haemoglobin A1c52 mmol/mol (20-42)
At what arterialised venous blood glucose threshold would a patient typically expect to develop neuroglycopenic symptoms?

A 64-year-old man was referred to the foot clinic. He had tripped over his cat 1 week previously and had complained of an ache in his left foot since then. He had a 12-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He was taking metformin, gliclazide, pioglitazone, bendroflumethiazide, ramipril, simvastatin and aspirin.
On examination, his blood pressure was 154/88 mmHg. Foot examination showed absent vibration perception to his ankle. The dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses were easily palpable on both feet.
Investigations:
serum urea12.6 mmol/L (2.5-7.0) serum creatinine166 umol/L (60-110) haemoglobin A1c79 mmol/mol (20-42)
urinary albumin:creatinine ratio8.7 mg/mmol (<2.5)
X-ray of left footsee image

What is the most appropriate initial management for this deformity?

A 54-year-old man was referred to the diabetes foot clinic with a plantar foot ulcer of 3 months' duration under the right first metatarsal head. He had a 10-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. He lived alone and had to do his own shopping and cleaning.
On examination, the ulcer was 3 ? 2 cm in area, 4 mm in depth, and had a clean granulating base. He had strong palpable pedal pulses and sensory neuropathy in both feet.
What is the most effective intervention to heal this ulcer?

A 62-year-old man with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with weight loss and anaemia.
On examination, the only abnormalities were evidence of recent weight loss and a red-brown rash on his lower limbs. Urinalysis showed glucose 3+.
Investigations:
serum total bilirubin19 umol/L (1-22) serum aspartate aminotransferase26 U/L (1-31) serum alkaline phosphatase98 U/L (45-105) serum gamma glutamyl transferase26 U/L (<50)
plasma gastrin21 pmol/L (<55)
plasma glucagon246 pmol/L (<50)
plasma pancreatic polypeptide158 pmol/L (<300)
plasma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide12 pmol/L (<30)
chromogranin A214 U/L (<40)
serum thyroid-stimulating hormone4.9 mU/L (0.4-5.0)
serum free T49.1 pmol/L (10.0-22.0)
CT scan of abdomen2-cm mass in the tail of the pancreas
What is the most likely explanation for the rash?

A 17-year-old girl with Turner's syndrome attended the clinic for review. She had been treated with growth hormone therapy for the previous 7 years, and had now reached her final adult height.
What is the most appropriate next step in management?

A 49-year-old woman presented with a mass in her neck that was causing no specific symptoms.
Examination revealed a solitary nodule in the right thyroid lobe, with no associated lymphadenopathy. Thyroid function was normal. No other abnormality was noted. There was no evidence of lymphadenopathy in the neck.
Investigations:
ultrasound scan of necksolid hypoechoic nodule 1.8 ? 1.2 ? 1 cm
in right thyroid lobe;
cyst 0.6 ? 0.3 ? 0.2 cm in left thyroid lobe
cytology (fine-needle aspirationscanty colloid with abundant
from nodule in right lobe)thyroid follicular cells (Thy3f)
What is the most appropriate next step in management?

A 17-year-old boy with a 7-year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus was transferred to the adolescent diabetes clinic. He had a history of poor clinic attendance. He admitted to having lost weight recently. His eyes had been photographed by a community ophthalmologist 1 week previously. A photograph of the right fundus is shown (see image).

Investigations:
haemoglobin A1c104 mmol/mol (20-42)
What is the most likely explanation for the retinal appearance?

A 16-year-old boy was referred to the endocrine clinic. He was concerned about his growth and pubertal development. He was well with no significant medical history. He had felt his development had lagged behind his peers for the previous 2 years and he had been the shortest in his class for some time and was being bullied.
General examination was normal. His height was 1.53 m and weight 52.4 kg. He had Tanner stage 3 genitalia and pubic hair. Axillary hair was present. Testicular volumes were 6 mL bilaterally.
Investigations:
serum testosterone4.4 nmol/L (9.0-35.0)
plasma follicle-stimulating hormone2.5 U/L (1.0-7.0)
plasma luteinising hormone1.8 U/L (1.0-10.0)
serum insulin-like growth factor 134.5 nmol/L (9.3-56.0)
insulin tolerance test:

What is the most appropriate treatment?

A 32-year-old woman with a recurrent history of Graves' thyrotoxicosis was being considered for radioiodine treatment. However, she wanted to conceive again at some stage and asked how soon she could become pregnant.
After what minimum interval would it be safe for her to conceive again?