Exam Data-Engineer-Associate Topic 1 Question 155 Discussion

Option C is the correct answer because the Map state is designed to process a collection of data in parallel by applying the same transformation to each element. The Map state can invoke a nested workflow for each element, which can be another state machine or a Lambda function. The Map state will wait until all the parallel executions are completed before moving to the next state.
Option A is incorrect because the Parallel state is used to execute multiple branches of logic concurrently, not to process a collection of data. The Parallel state can have different branches with different logic and states, whereas the Map state has only one branch that is applied to each element of the collection.
Option B is incorrect because the Choice state is used to make decisions based on a comparison of a value to a set of rules. The Choice state does not process any data or invoke any nested workflows.
Option D is incorrect because the Wait state is used to delay the state machine from continuing for a specified time. The Wait state does not process any data or invoke any nested workflows.
Reference:
AWS Certified Data Engineer - Associate DEA-C01 Complete Study Guide, Chapter 5: Data Orchestration, Section 5.3: AWS Step Functions, Pages 131-132 Building Batch Data Analytics Solutions on AWS, Module 5: Data Orchestration, Lesson 5.2: AWS Step Functions, Pages 9-10 AWS Documentation Overview, AWS Step Functions Developer Guide, Step Functions Concepts, State Types, Map State, Pages 1-3